Static Routing

Learn about Static Route and Configurations

Static Routes-

Static routing is a routing where we have to configure every route manually in a network that specifies how traffic should be forwarded to reach the specific destination and for that, we should have a good understanding of the entire network and topology. Unlike dynamic routing protocols that automatically learn and update routes.

Proc-

Prefer for small network and for stub router (A router that has only one entry or exit point available.)
Low memory and CPU utilization, because it can not send periodic updates like dynamic routing protocol.
It can provide security because we have to add every route manually.
Easy to configure and understand, no need to understand complex routing such as dynamic routing protocols.

Cons-

An Administrator should have a good understanding of the entire network.
It is a full-time job for an administrator.
Not suitable for large networks.
Limited routing information.
Not automatically adopt changes of topology.

How to configure Static Route-

Command Syntax:

#IP Route Destination network Destination mask Next hop or exit interface Administrative Distance

Note- If you are using the next hop option then you should use the next router IP

and if you are using the exit interface then you should use the same router interface such as Se0/0

For R1 Configuration -

Router(config)#ip route 20.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 1.1.1.2

Router(config)#ip route 30.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 1.1.1.2

Router(config)#ip route 2.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 1.1.1.2

Router(config)#do wr

For R2 Configuration -

Router(config)#ip route 10.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 1.1.1.1

Router(config)#ip route 30.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 2.1.1.2

Router(config)#do wr

For R3 Configuration -

Router(config)#ip route 10.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 1.1.1.1

Router(config)#ip route 30.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 2.1.1.2

Router(config)#do wr

Watch Youtube Video : https://youtu.be/_Ig78fp5oJU

Floating Static Routes -

Floating static routes are used for backup or redundancy purposes. By default, static route administrative distance is 1 but when we have two routes for the same destination we can add an AD value for one route greater than from another route then according to the routing lookup router will prefer the lowest AD value route and if that route will be down then router shift traffic to another static route.

We can increase the administrative distance of the static route by adding an administrative distance option at the end of the command. The administrative distance of a static route can be increased to make the route less desirable than that of another static route or a route learned through a dynamic routing protocol. In this way, the static route “floats” and is not used when the route with the better administrative distance is active. But in case the preferred route is lost, then the router will use a floating static route, and traffic can be sent through this alternate route.

How to Configure Floating Static Route-

R1(config)#ip route 30.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 1.1.1.2

R1(config)#ip route 2.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 1.1.1.2

R1(config)#ip route 30.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 3.1.1.2 10

R1(config)#ip route 4.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 3.1.1.2 10

R1(config)#do wr

R2(config)#ip route 10.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 1.1.1.1

R2(config)#ip route 30.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 2.1.1.2

R2(config)#do wr

R3(config)#ip route 10.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 2.1.1.1

R3(config)#ip route 1.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 2.1.1.1

R3(config)#ip route 10.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 4.1.1.1

R3(config)#ip route 3.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 4.1.1.1

R3(config)#do wr

R4(config)#ip route 10.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 3.1.1.1

R4(config)#ip route 30.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 4.1.1.2

R4(config)#do wr

Default Routes -

The default route is used in internet cases where the destination is unknown. In default route destination is unknown and traffic travels toward the unknown destination. Like the static route, the default route is configured manually and you can only be configured on a stub router where only one entry and exit point is available.

How to Configure Default Route-